October 31, 2007
Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak and Syrian President Bashar Assad (AP)
Philip H. Gordon, Senior Fellow for U.S. Foreign Policy at Brookings Institution and former Director for European Affairs at the U.S. National Security Council (1998-1999), House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on the Middle East and South Asia Hearing, October 23, 2007:
“So long as the Iranians believe the United States is implacably opposed to their country, no matter what they do, they are unlikely to compromise on the nuclear issue. If on the other hand, Iranians can be convinced not only that there are high costs of pursuing nuclear weapons, but also concrete benefits for not doing so, then I think there’s a chance an agreement can be reached.”

